Context of Empirical

The whole idea that space-time is expanding was first noticed asa mathematical consequence of general relativity by Georges Lemaitre in 1927, when he solved Einstein’s equation and found a solution for the metric showing that distances grow with time. It became clear two years later that the universe we live in is governed by such a solution when astronomer Edwin Hubble noticed that galaxies appeared to be racing away from each other. Lemaitre’s work provided a theoretical explanation for this empirical data: the yardstick for measuring cosmic distance was itself changing with time.
–New Scientist

Which of the following BEST interprets the meaning of “empirical” in the passage?

Related Topic

–The fundamentals of space-time | Video by TED-Ed

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