Fundamental

The word fundamental can be used as an adjective, which means serving as a basis to support existence or determine essential structure or function.
In practice, fundamental is sometimes used as a noun, referring to something that is considered very important to understand another thing.
Our primary objective in shaping the pricing model and supply chain is to prevent any disturbance to the fundamental role that local markets play in supporting the social, economic, and nutritional well-being of these communities..
These fundamental properties are essential for the survival of plants as they govern water and nutrient uptake, regulate solute distribution within plants, remove toxins from the cytosol, and recycle valuable sugars.
Mercedes produced their worst car in 10 years, a design with a fundamental aerodynamic flaw which took three months to solve.
The program teaches students the fundamental of electricity as well as the math and sciences needed to work on power lines.

Fundamental这个单词既可以做形容词也可以当名词使用。
当用作形容词使用时，其表示“serving as a basis to support existence or determine essential structure or function”这一含义，即“根本的/基础的/基本的/十分重要的” ，与basic/essential/primary/principal等单词构成近义词。
使用场景如下：The constitution endows us fundamental rights.（宪法赋予我们最基本的权利）/Computers are fundamental to our daily lives. (计算机对我们的日常生活是比不可少的）/ Learning basic math skills are fundamental to kids.（学习基本的数学技能对小孩来说是极其重要的）。
当用作名词使用时，fundamental表示“something that is considered very important to understand another thing “这一含义，即“必不可少的东西/基本原理/基本规律/根本法则”。此时，该单词与essentials/elements/principles这些单词构成近义词。
使用场景如下：At the beginning of this course, the professor said this course just covers the fundamentals of calculus.（在本课程开始时，教授说这门课程只会涵盖了微积分的基础知识。）/A company’s fundamentals include its growth, revenues, earnings, management, and capital structure.（公司的基本面包括其增长、收入、收益、管理和资本结构。）