Context of Turmoil

In history, 1848 is often overshadowed by other revolutions, yet Europe was ablaze with conflict. Political turmoil swept across the continent, causing more significant change than before. Christopher Clark sees it as a crucial period where political ideas clashed and transformed, impacting social and economic liberty, democracy forms, and capitalism’s role in inequality. 1848 led to profound shifts in public life, administrative cultures, and politics. The revolutionaries posed questions still relevant today. Clark’s book, “Revolutionary Spring,” unveils charismatic figures and chilling parallels to our present, suggesting 1848’s lessons resonate now.
–The New York Times Book Review 

Which of the following BEST interprets the meaning of “turmoil” in the passage?


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Revolutionary Spring

–Revolutionary Spring by Christopher Clark | Image by The Alphabet

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