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GRE Big Book Critical Reasoning Test 34

Jimmy Wang
09/12/2024

GRE Critical Reasoning

Directions

Critical Reasoning questions test the ability to understand, analyze, and evaluate arguments. Some of the abilities tested by specific questions include identifying the roles played by specific phrases or sentences in an argument, recognizing the point of an argument, recognizing assumptions on which an argument is based" drawing conclusions and forming hypotheses, identifying methods of argumentation, evaluating arguments and counter-arguments, and analyzing evidence.

Each of the Critical Reasoning questions is based on a short argument, a set of statements, or a plan of action. For each question, select the best answer of the choices given.

Veteran screenwriters, aiming at creating a 120-page screenplay for a film, usually turn in a 135-page first draft. As one screenwriter put it, “That gives those in charge of the movie a chance to be creative when they get the script: at the very least, they can cut 15 pages.”

#1

The screenwriter's statement cited above conveys which of the following propositions?

Screenwriters for a film are generally not involved in any aspects of filmmaking besides providing the script.

Even experienced screenwriters cannot be expected to write scripts of consistently high quality throughout.

Truly creative screenwriters are too temperamental to adhere to page limits set for their work.

Seasoned screenwriters are resigned to, and make allowance for, draft scripts being altered by those evaluating them.

It takes a special kind of creativity to recognize what is best left out of a film script.

During the day in Lake Constance, the zoo- plankton D. hyalina departs for the depths where food is scarce and the water cold. D. galeata remains near the warm surface where food is abundant. Even though D. galeata grows and reproduces much fqster, its population is often outnumbered by D. hyalina.

#2

Which of the following, if true, would help resolve the apparent paradox presented above?

D. galeata produces twice as many off- spring per individual in any given period of time as does D. hyalina.

In order to make the most of scarce food resources, D. hyalina matures more slowly than D. galeata.

D. galeata clusters under vegetation during the hottest part of the day to avoid the sun’s rays.

The number of species of zooplankton living at the bottom of the lake is twice that of species living at the surface.

Predators of zooplankton, such as white-fish and perch, live and feed near the surface of the lake during the day.

Each year, fires in the United States cause $12 billion in property losses, insurance costs, fire- fighting expenses, and loss of worker productivity. These fire losses are seven times those of Japan on a per capita basis.

#3

Which of the following, if true, would be LEAST likely to be a factor contributing to the difference between fire losses in Japan and those in the United States?

The walls of Japanese homes are made mostly of wood and bamboo and are more combustible than the walls in most American homes.

Japanese fire departments devote proportionately more personnel time to inspection, training, and public education than do United States fire departments.

The rate of arson, a major contributor to fire statistics in the United States, is almost negligible in Japan.

Foam-based and plastic furniture, less popular in Japan than in the United States, ignites readily and releases twice the heat energy of equivalent weights of natural fibers.

Most Japanese homes, unlike those in the United States, are equipped with specially designed and effective fire-extinguishing equipment.

Many researchers believe that the presence of RN A in brain cells is the biochemical basis of memory; that is, the presence of RNA enables us to remember. Because certain chemicals are known to inhibit the synthesis of RNA in the body, we can test this hypothesis. Animals that have learned particular responses can be injected with an RNA inhibitor and then tested for memory of the learned responses.

#4

Which of the following test results would most , seriously weaken the case for RNA as the basis of memory?

After an injection of RNA inhibitor, animals that had not consistently been giving the learned responses were able to give them consistently.

After an injection of RN A inhibitor, animals could not learn a new response.

After an injection of RNA inhibitor, a wide range of behaviors in addition to the learned responses were affected.

After a small injection of RNA inhibitor, animals responded well, but as the size of the injection increased, they gave fewer of the learned responses.

After injections of RNA inhibitor, some animals lost memory of the learned responses totally but others lost it only partially.

The greatest chance for the existence of extra- terrestrial life is on a planet beyond our solar system. The Milky Way galaxy alone contains 100 billion other suns, many of which could be accompanied by planets similar enough to Earth to make them suitable abodes of life.

#5

The statement above assumes which of the following?

It is likely that life on another planet would require conditions similar to those on Earth.

If the appropriate physical conditions exist, life is an inevitable consequence.

Life cannot exist on other planets in our solar system.

Living creatures on another planet would probably have the same appearance as those on Earth.

More than one of the suns in the galaxy is accompanied by an Earth-like planet.

A ten-year comparison between the United States and the Soviet Union in terms of crop yields per acre revealed that when only planted acreage is compared, Soviet yields are equal to 68 percent of United States yields. When total agricultural acreage (planted acreage plus fallow acreage) is compared, however, Soviet yield is 114 percent of United States yield.

#6

From the information above, which of the following can be most reliably inferred about United States and Soviet agriculture during the ten-year period?

The United States had more fallow acreage than planted acreage.

The Soviet Union produced a greater volume of crops than the United States produced.

A higher percentage of total agricultural acreage was fallow in the United States than in the Soviet Union.

The Soviet Union had more planted acreage than fallow acreage.

Fewer total acres of available agricultural land were fallow in the Soviet Union than in the United States.

# GRE Critical Reasoning

GRE Critical Reasoning

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#3

#4

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